HHSRS Hazard 18 - Water Supply for Domestic Purposes

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If a tenant reports a property to the Council for a HHSRS Hazard 18 - Water Supply for Domestic Purposes issue, the Council is legally obligated to inspect the property for all 29 hazards outlined in the Housing Health & Safety Rating System (HHSRS).

If the Council uncovers any Category 1 risks, it is obliged by law to take action against the landlord and any associated agents. This is not just a formality; it is a serious obligation that must be addressed.

Hazard 18 - Water Supply for Domestic Purposes

This hazard covers the quality and adequacy of the supply of water within the dwelling for drinking and for domestic purposes such as cooking, washing, cleaning and sanitation. As well as the adequacy, it includes threats to health from contamination by bacteria, protozoa, parasites, viruses, and chemical pollutants. (Contamination by radon and lead are dealt with separately.)

The vast majority of dwellings in the UK are served by public mains water, with around 1% of the population served by private water supplies. Private supplies may become contaminated more readily because water is usually pumped into a storage tank within the dwelling.

Legionella can be dispersed into the air during use of showers, and this, although rare, is the most likely route for transmission of Legionnaires' disease in homes. Legionella thrive between 20ºC and 45ºC.

Vulnerable Group: All ages

Defects & Justifications

Water supply tap - lack of a tap for drawing wholesome water for drinking within the dwelling.
Intermittent supply - regular or prolonged interruption of supply.
Water pressure - water delivered to taps at inappropriate pressure.
Water temperature - water stored at an inappropriate temperature.
Defective pipework etc - inappropriate materials used for pipework, storage tanks, or fittings.
Contamination of tanks - inadequate protection against contamination of water storage tanks.
Water filter defects - poor maintenance of water filters.
Water softening system - poor maintenance of water softening system.

Index of HHSRS Hazards

Rectifying the HHSRS Hazard 18 - Water Supply for Domestic Purposes: Guidance Checklist

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How can I ensure a safe and reliable water supply?

Make sure the property has a constant supply of wholesome water, preferably from the mains. Check that taps, pipes, and storage tanks are all in good condition.

What can I do if water pressure is too low?

Inspect the plumbing for leaks or blockages and consult the water provider if needed. In some cases, installing a booster pump can improve water flow.

How should water storage be maintained?

Water tanks should be covered, insulated, and cleaned regularly to prevent contamination. Ensure overflow pipes are directed away from living spaces.

What risks are associated with intermittent water supply?

It increases the chance of bacterial growth in stagnant pipes. Always investigate causes like airlocks, frozen pipes, or faulty stop taps to prevent health risks.

Is bottled water an acceptable long-term solution?

No. All residential properties should have a proper piped water supply. Bottled water may be used temporarily, but it doesn't meet decent homes standards.